Bordering in Europe: Differential Inclusion

Peter O'Brien

doi:10.33182/bc.v9i1.819

Authors

Peter O'Brien Trinity University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33182/bc.v9i1.819

Abstract

Borders exist and operate not only at formal frontiers but also outside and within European countries. Furthermore, borders both exclude and include migrants. This article advances the theory of differential inclusion. It provides a more nuanced understanding of processes of bordering that comprehends irregular migration as a phenomenon that is not only officially denounced and combatted but also unofficially tolerated and facilitated by European states. The analysis reveals that differential inclusion is transforming citizenship in Europe away from officially desired equality toward unofficially tolerated stratification. Employing Foucault’s notion of “assemblage”, the article also seeks to shed light on not only whose interests are undermined but also on whose interests are served by differential inclusion.

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Author Biography

Peter O'Brien, Trinity University

Peter O’Brien is Professor of Political Science at Trinity University. He is the author of The Muslim Question in Europe: Political Controversies and Public Philosophies (Temple University Press 2016), European Perceptions of Islam & America (Palgrave 2009) and Beyond the Swastika (Routledge 1996), a study of the impact of the legacy of the Holocaust on postwar German immigration policy. He has published many articles in journals such as International Migration Review, European Security, German Politics and Society, and Islamophobia Studies Journal. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He has been a Social Science Research Council Fellow at the Free University in Berlin and Fulbright Visiting Professor at Boğaziçi University in Istanbul and at the Humboldt University in Berlin.

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